Constitution of India: The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950. India was declared a democratic, sovereign and republic country. To commemorate this historical day, Republic Day is celebrated every year on 26 January in the country. This day is a national holiday across the country. Our Constitution gives the citizens of the country the right to choose their government democratically. It is the Constitution itself that guarantees us our fundamental rights. By what rules will the government of the country be run and formed, what will be its powers and limitations, what will be the laws and regulations, all these are mentioned in the Constitution itself. This entire system runs through the Constitution itself.
Constitution Day of India: Read the special things about the Indian Constitution here
1. The constitution had been made for two months
The Constitution was implemented on 26th January but it was ready two months earlier on 26th November. The country adopted the Constitution on 26 November. Therefore Constitution Day is celebrated on 26th November.
2. The world's largest written constitution
The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world. It took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days to prepare the entire Constitution. It was completed on November 26, 1949. This Constitution of the Republic of India came into force on January 26, 1950.
3. Bag of Borrowing – The Constitution of India has adopted the features of the constitutions of many countries. The Constitution of India is also called 'Bag of Borrowings' because most of its provisions have been taken from other countries. Many of its parts have been taken from the constitutions of the United Kingdom, America, Germany, Ireland, Australia, Canada and Japan. It describes the fundamental rights, duties of the citizens of the country, role of the government, powers of the Prime Minister, President, Governor and Chief Minister. What is the work of the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary, what is their role in running the country, all these things are mentioned in the Constitution.
26 January speech in Hindi: Simple and powerful speech on 26 January Republic Day
4. – The original copy of the Constitution is handwritten, not typed.
These original copies of the Indian Constitution were not typed or printed. The original copy of the Constitution was handwritten in English by Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada. It is written in italic letters through excellent calligraphy. Each of its pages was decorated by artists Ram Manohar Sinha and Nandlal Bose of Shantiniketan (West Bengal).
5. Where are the copies of the Constitution kept?
Handwritten copies of the Constitution are kept in helium in the Library of Parliament. These transparent but sealed boxes made of glass are filled with nitrogen, which does not allow the paper of the manuscript to get spoiled. Both these boxes were made by an American company in California.
6. What does the original look like?
– The original copy of the Constitution is 16 inches wide
-Written on parchment sheets 22 inches long
– This manuscript contained 251 pages
7. – The original copies of the Constitution were written in two languages, Hindi and English.
8. The basic structure of the Indian Constitution is based on the Government of India Act, 1935.
9. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar is called the creator of the Indian Constitution. The first Law Minister of India, Dr. Bhimram Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee.
10. The fundamental rights of citizens in the Indian Constitution are described in the third part of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35.
11. The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly of India had constituted a total of 13 committees to deal with various tasks related to the drafting of the Constitution.
12. Why did Ambedkar talk about burning the Constitution?
After independence, there was once an occasion when Baba Saheb Ambedkar, the creator of the Indian Constitution, wanted to burn this Constitution. On September 2, 1953, there was a vigorous debate in the Rajya Sabha on the issue of increasing the powers of the Governor. Then Ambedkar had said, 'My friends tell me that I have made the Constitution, but I want to tell you that I will also be the first person to burn it. I don't need it because it's not good for anyone. The majority cannot say that giving importance to minorities will harm democracy. In fact, harming minorities would be the most harmful. Ambedkar was always strongly against oppression of minorities by the majority. Later, while explaining the reason for saying such a thing, he had said, 'If we build a temple for God to reside. But some demons came and started living in it. In such a situation, we will be left with no other option but to demolish the temple. Because we had built the temple for God, not for the demon.
13. 432 nibs rubbed
It took Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada 6 months to write the Constitution by hand and a total of 432 nibs were worn out.
14. Did not charge any fee for writing
Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada did not charge any fee for writing the Constitution. He had set the condition of writing his name on every page and the name of his guru and grandfather Master Ram Prasad Saxena on the last page.
15. The Hindi copy of the Constitution has been handwritten by calligrapher Vasant Krishna Vaidya.